There are Several Reasons why Many Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) will not report other Bad/Corrupt/Brutal LEOs/COs. One of them is the concept of the “Blue wall of Silence”, in that the Officer/Agent/Deputy/Trooper who reports another will be identified by her colleagues as a “Rat” and a “Traitor”. Another powerful factor is that, structurally, LE organizations are set up so that an Officer/Agent/Deputy/Trooper who reports another Cop will face significant challenges in holding the Bad Cop accountable, but the good Cop will probably face career problems going forward due to hostility from his Colleagues and his Superior Officers/Agents/Deputies/Troopers. Conversely, the Officer/Agent/Deputy/Trooper who is accused of Brutality/Corruption has numerous, Structurally Built-in Protections and Advantages that We Civilians Do Not Have (eg., Law Enforcement Officer’s Bill of Rights; Garrity Warnings/Rights, Kalkines Warnings/Rights; a Free, Top-notch Lawyer provided to him for His Defense in Any Criminal Prosecution and/or Civil Lawsuit Defense of the Cop; If the Cop is Found to be Responsible for Injuring or Murdering a Civilian, the Cop Doesn’t have to pay a Dollar Out of His Pocket, and Instead Through Indemnification Clauses Written Into the Union Contracts, It’s Ultimately the Tax Payers Who Live in the Jurisdiction Who Have to Pay the Injured Civilian or the Family of the Murdered Civilian). This is all due to the Enormous Power of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions and the Very Favorable Contracts (Collective Bargaining Agreements) that they force/pressure upon the Entities (towns/Cities, Counties, States, etc.) that they were Hired in Order to Serve and Protect its Tax Payers and Residents.
Police union contracts review:
http://www.checkthepolice.org/review/

TWO PROMINENT ORGANIZATIONS — the NAACP LEGAL DEFENSE FUND and CAMPAIGN ZERO (the Brainchild of Activist Sam Sinyangwe) — HAVE EACH LAUNCHED ONLINE CAMPAIGNS CHALLENGING POLICE UNION CONTRACTS in big cities like Los Angeles and STATE LAWS THAT HAVE CEMENTED UNION-BACKED PROTECTIONS in California and elsewhere.
https://www.nixthe6.org

POLICE UNION CONTRACTS (94 Page Article); by Professor Stephen Rushin, Esq.
Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
POLICE UNION CONTRACTS (94 Page Article); by Professor Stephen Rushin, Esq

HOW WE PROSECUTE THE POLICE (33 Page Article); by Law Professor Kate Levine, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
HOW WE PROSECUTE THE POLICE (33 Page Article); by Law Professor Kate Levine, Esq

POLICE SUSPECTS (62 Page Article); by Law Professor Kate Levine, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
POLICE SUSPECTS (62 Page Article); by Law Professor Kate Levine, Esq

INTERROGATING POLICE OFFICERS (60 Page Article); by Law Professor Stephen Rushin, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
INTERROGATING POLICE OFFICERS (60 Page Article); by Law Professor Stephen Rushin, Esq

POLICE DISCIPLINARY APPEALS (66 Page Article); by Law Professor Stephen Rushin, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
POLICE DISCIPLINARY APPEALS (66 Page Article); by Law Professor Stephen Rushin, Esq

ENDING THE INTERNAL AFFAIRS FARCE (71 Pages)(August 01, 2016); by Law Professor Rachel Moran, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
ENDING THE INTERNAL AFFAIRS FARCE (71 Pages)(August 01, 2016); by Law Professor Rachel Moran, Esq

CRIME, LEGITIMACY, AND TESTILYING (46 Pages)(2007); by Attorney I. Bennett Capers, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
CRIME, LEGITIMACY, AND TESTILYING (46 Pages)(2007); by Attorney I. Bennett Capers, Esq

CODE OF SILENCE (40 Pages); by Jamie Kalven, in The Intercept.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
CODE OF SILENCE (40 Pages); by Jamie Kalven, in The Intercept

PROVING THE LIE – LITIGATING POLICE CREDIBILITY (50 Pages); by David N. Dorfman, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
PROVING THE LIE – LITIGATING POLICE CREDIBILITY (50 Pages); by David N. Dorfman, Esq

DECEIT, PRETEXT, AND TRICKERY – INVESTIGATIVE LIES BY THE POLICE (42 Pages); by Attorney Christopher Slobogin, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
DECEIT, PRETEXT, AND TRICKERY – INVESTIGATIVE LIES BY THE POLICE (42 Pages); by Attorney Christopher Slobogin, Esq

TESTILYING – POLICE PERJURY AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT IT (25 Pages); by Attorney Christopher Slobogin, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
TESTILYING – POLICE PERJURY AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT IT (25 Pages); by Attorney Christopher Slobogin, Esq

LIES, TRUE LIES, AND CONSCIOUS DECEPTION – POLICE OFFICERS AND THE TRUTH (18 Pages); by Attorney Geoffrey P. Alpert, Esq and Attorney Jeffrey J. Noble, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
LIES, TRUE LIES, AND CONSCIOUS DECEPTION – POLICE OFFICERS AND THE TRUTH (18 Pages); by Attorney Geoffrey P. Alpert, Esq and Attorney Jeffrey J. Noble, Esq

POLICE PERJURY – A FACTORIAL SURVEY (176 Pages); by Michael Oliver Foley and U.S. DOJ.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
POLICE PERJURY – A FACTORIAL SURVEY (176 Pages); by Michael Oliver Foley and U.S. DOJ

‘TESTILYING’ BY POLICE: A STUBBORN PROBLEM (March 18, 2018); by Joseph Goldstein, in The NY Times.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
‘TESTILYING’ BY POLICE: A STUBBORN PROBLEM (March 18, 2018); by Joseph Goldstein, in The NY Times

‘TESTILYING’ BY POLICE (Alternative Web-Link)

THE WANDERING OFFICER (107 Pages)(April, 2020); by Attorneys Ben Grunwald, Esq & John Rappaport, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
THE WANDERING OFFICER (107 Pages)(April, 2020); by Attorneys Ben Grunwald, Esq & John Rappaport, Esq

CROSS-EXAMINATION OF ARRESTING OFFICER – PRINCIPLES, CUSTODY, MOTOR VEHICLE STOPS AND SEARCHES, DRUG CASES, SEARCH WARRANTS, AND SEARCHES INCIDENT TO ARRESTS (57 Pages); by Attorney Kevin J. Mahoney, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
CROSS-EXAMINATION OF ARRESTING OFFICER – PRINCIPLES, CUSTODY, MOTOR VEHICLE STOPS AND SEARCHES, DRUG CASES, SEARCH WARRANTS, AND SEARCHES INCIDENT TO ARRESTS (57 Pages); by Attorney Kevin J. Mahoney, Esq

THE ‘BLUE WALL OF SILENCE’ AS EVIDENCE OF BIAS AND MOTIVE TO LIE – A NEW APPROACH TO POLICE PERJURY (67 Pages); by Attorney Gabriel Jackson Chin, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
THE ‘BLUE WALL OF SILENCE’ AS EVIDENCE OF BIAS AND MOTIVE TO LIE – A NEW APPROACH TO POLICE PERJURY (67 Pages); by Attorney Gabriel Jackson Chin, Esq

LET THE SUNSHINE IN – ILLUMINATING THE POWERFUL ROLE POLICE UNIONS PLAY IN SHIELDING OFFICER MISCONDUCT (41 Pages)(May, 2017); by Attorney Katherine J. Bies, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why is is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
LET THE SUNSHINE IN – ILLUMINATING THE POWERFUL ROLE POLICE UNIONS PLAY IN SHIELDING OFFICER MISCONDUCT (41 Pages)(May, 2017); by Attorney Katherine J. Bies, Esq

TO SERVE AND PROTECT EACH OTHER – HOW POLICE-PROSECUTOR CODEPENDENCE ENABLES POLICE MISCONDUCT (39 Pages); by Attorney Somil Trivedi and Professor Nicole Gonzalez Van Cleve.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why is is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
TO SERVE AND PROTECT EACH OTHER – HOW POLICE-PROSECUTOR CODEPENDENCE ENABLES POLICE MISCONDUCT (39 Pages); by Attorney Somil Trivedi and Professor Nicole Gonzalez Van Cleve

LITIGATING THE BLUE WALL OF SILENCE – HOW TO CHALLENGE THE POLICE PRIVILEGE TO DELAY INVESTIGATION (2016)(30 Pages); by Attorney Aziz Huq and Attorney Richard McAdams.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why is is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
LITIGATING THE BLUE WALL OF SILENCE – HOW TO CHALLENGE THE POLICE PRIVILEGE TO DELAY INVESTIGATION (2016)(30 Pages); by Attorney Aziz Huq and Attorney Richard McAdams

POLICE INSTITUTIONS AND POLICE ABUSE – EVIDENCE FROM THE U.S. (148 Pages); by Abdul N. Rad (University of Oxford).
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why is is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
POLICE INSTITUTIONS AND POLICE ABUSE – EVIDENCE FROM THE U.S. (148 Pages); by Abdul N. Rad (University of Oxford)

CALIFORNIA’S POLICE LOBBY – HOW POLICE ASSOCIATIONS PREVENT THE NATION’S LARGEST STATE FROM ADDRESSING POLICE VIOLENCE; by Campaign Zero.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why is is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
CALIFORNIA’S POLICE LOBBY – HOW POLICE ASSOCIATIONS PREVENT THE NATION’S LARGEST STATE FROM ADDRESSING POLICE VIOLENCE; by Campaign Zero

FACTORS IN POLICE MISCONDUCT ARBITRATION OUTCOMES – WHAT DOES IT TAKE TO FIRE A BAD COP (44 Pages); by Tyler Adams.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why is is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
FACTORS IN POLICE MISCONDUCT ARBITRATION OUTCOMES – WHAT DOES IT TAKE TO FIRE A BAD COP (44 Pages); by Tyler Adams

POLICE ARBITRATION (53 Page Article)(June 1, 2020); by Law Professor Stephen Rushin, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why is is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
POLICE ARBITRATION (53 Page Article)(June 1, 2020); by Law Professor Stephen Rushin, Esq

WHAT POLICE LEARN FROM LAWSUITS (58 Pages); by Law Professor Joanna C. Schwartz, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why is is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
WHAT POLICE LEARN FROM LAWSUITS (58 Pages); by Law Professor Joanna C. Schwartz, Esq

IMPORTANCE OF STATE LAW IN POLICE REFORM (29 Pages)(2016); by Law Professor Roger L. Goldman, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why is is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
IMPORTANCE OF STATE LAW IN POLICE REFORM (29 Pages)(2016); by Law Professor Roger L. Goldman, Esq

POLICE INTEGRITY LOST – A STUDY OF LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS ARRESTED (672 Pages); by Professor Philip M. Stinson, Professor John Liederbach, and Professor Steven P. Lab.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
POLICE INTEGRITY LOST – A STUDY OF LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS ARRESTED (672 Pages); by Professor Philip M. Stinson, Professor John Liederbach, and Professor Steven P. Lab

REVOCATION OF POLICE OFFICER CERTIFICATION – A VIABLE REMEDY FOR POLICE MISCONDUCT (40 Pages)(2001); by Law Professor Roger L. Goldman, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
REVOCATION OF POLICE OFFICER CERTIFICATION – A VIABLE REMEDY FOR POLICE MISCONDUCT (40 Pages)(2001); by Law Professor Roger L. Goldman, Esq

HOW GOVERNMENTS PAY – LAWSUITS, BUDGETS, AND POLICE REFORM (2016); by Law Professor Joanna C. Schwartz, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
HOW GOVERNMENTS PAY – LAWSUITS, BUDGETS, AND POLICE REFORM (2016); by Law Professor Joanna C. Schwartz, Esq

PENSION FORFEITURE AND POLICE MISCONDUCT (34 Pages)(Fall 2017); by Journal of Law, Economics & Policy.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
PENSION FORFEITURE AND POLICE MISCONDUCT (34 Pages)(Fall 2017); by Journal of Law, Economics & Policy

CHANGING THE LAW TO CHANGE POLICING – FIRST STEPS (10 Pages); by Law Professor Barry Friedman, et al.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
CHANGING THE LAW TO CHANGE POLICING – FIRST STEPS (10 Pages); by Law Professor Barry Friedman, et al

COLLECTIVE BARGAINING RIGHTS AND POLICE MISCONDUCT – EVIDENCE FROM FLORIDA (50 Pages); by Attorney Dhammika Dharmapala, Esq and Attorney John Rappaport, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
COLLECTIVE BARGAINING RIGHTS AND POLICE MISCONDUCT – EVIDENCE FROM FLORIDA (50 Pages); by Attorney Dhammika Dharmapala, Esq and Attorney John Rappaport, Esq

DEADLY DISCRETION – THE FAILURE OF POLICE USE OF FORCE POLICIES TO MEET FUNDAMENTAL INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW AND STANDARDS (105 Pages)(2020); by University of Chicago Law School – International Human Rights Clinic.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
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DEADLY DISCRETION – THE FAILURE OF POLICE USE OF FORCE POLICIES TO MEET FUNDAMENTAL INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW AND STANDARDS (105 Pages)(2020); by University of Chicago Law School – International Human Rights Clinic

DEADLY FORCE – POLICE USE OF LETHAL FORCE IN THE UNITED STATES (105 Pages)(June 17, 2015); by Amnesty International.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
DEADLY FORCE – POLICE USE OF LETHAL FORCE IN THE UNITED STATES (105 Pages)(June 17, 2015); by Amnesty International

“GET ON THE GROUND!” – POLICING, POVERTY, AND RACIAL INEQUALITY IN TULSA, OKLAHOMA, A CASE STUDY OF US LAW ENFORCEMENT (222 Pages)(September 12, 2019); by HRW.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
“GET ON THE GROUND!” – POLICING, POVERTY, AND RACIAL INEQUALITY IN TULSA, OKLAHOMA, A CASE STUDY OF US LAW ENFORCEMENT (222 Pages)(September 12, 2019); by HRW

“plus ça change, plus c’est la même chose” [Translation: “the more things change, the more they stay the same”]
~ Jean-Baptiste Alphonse Karr (1808 – 1890).
SHIELDED FROM JUSTICE – POLICE BRUTALITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN THE UNITED STATES (July 01, 1998); by Human Rights Watch (HRW).
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
SHIELDED FROM JUSTICE – POLICE BRUTALITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN THE UNITED STATES (July 01, 1998); by Human Rights Watch (HRW)

IS QUALIFIED IMMUNITY UNLAWFUL (45 Pages); by William Baude, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
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IS QUALIFIED IMMUNITY UNLAWFUL (45 Pages); by William Baude, Esq

QUALIFIED IMMUNITY’S BOLDEST LIE (65 Pages)(July 23, 2020); by Law Professor Joanna C. Schwartz, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
QUALIFIED IMMUNITY’S BOLDEST LIE (65 Pages)(July 23, 2020); by Law Professor Joanna C. Schwartz, Esq

QUALIFIED IMMUNITY AND STATUTORY INTERPRETATION – A RESPONSE TO WILLIAM BAUDE (27 Pages); by Law Professors Hillel Y. Levin, Esq and Michael Lewis Wells, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
QUALIFIED IMMUNITY AND STATUTORY INTERPRETATION – A RESPONSE TO WILLIAM BAUDE (27 Pages); by Law Professors Hillel Y. Levin, Esq and Michael Lewis Wells, Esq

POLICE INDEMNIFICATION (121 Pages)(2014); by Law Professor Joanna C. Schwartz, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
POLICE INDEMNIFICATION (121 Pages)(2014); by Law Professor Joanna C. Schwartz, Esq

HOW QUALIFIED IMMUNITY FAILS (75 Pages)(2017); by Law Professor Joanna C. Schwartz, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
HOW QUALIFIED IMMUNITY FAILS (75 Pages)(2017); by Law Professor Joanna C. Schwartz, Esq

POLICE PRIVACY (46 Pages)(2019); by Law Professor Rachel Moran, Esq.
     Methodically, over many years, Cops (i.e., FBI Agents, Special Deputy U.S. Marshals, Deputy Sheriffs, State Troopers, Municipal Police Officers, Probation & Parole Officers, Prison Guards, etc.) and Their Powerful Labor Unions have “Stacked the Deck” in Their Favor to the Maximum Extent that they can get away with. There are several systemic reasons why it is very difficult to hold Brutal and/or Corrupt Cops Accountable. The most important reasons is because of the Outsized Power and Influence of Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Powerful Labor Unions. Below is a scholarly article that describes some aspects of how, over many decades, Cops have methodically gained an unfair advantage in the Public/Social Domain, the Media/Information Domain, the Political Domain, and the Legal Domain, in comparison to us Civilians, which Perpetuate Police Brutality and Incentivizes Cops Violating Our Civil Liberties.
     One Part of the Solution Is:
More than 85% of Employed Americans Work Under “AT-WILL” Employment Contractual Terms, Which Dictate That AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE FIRED BY THE EMPLOYER FOR “ANY REASON OR NO REASON.” Because Collective Bargaining Agreements (i.e., LEO/CO Union Contracts) Negotiated by Powerful Law Enforcement and Corrections Officers’ Labor Unions have Resulted in Weak Accountability of Cops Across the Country, Cops Should Only be Hired On an “AT-WILL” EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTUAL TERMS, Instead of Under ‘Powerful Labor Union’ Protected “TERMINATION-FOR-JUST-CAUSE-ONLY” COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT Terms.
Click on the web-link below to read:
POLICE PRIVACY (46 Pages)(2019); by Law Professor Rachel Moran, Esq

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PAYING FOR YOUR TIME – HOW CHARGING INMATES FEES BEHIND BARS MAY VIOLATE THE EXCESSIVE FINES CLAUSE (20 Pages)(July, 2014); by Attorney Lauren-Brooke Eisen, Esq.
Click on the web-link below to read:
PAYING FOR YOUR TIME – HOW CHARGING INMATES FEES BEHIND BARS MAY VIOLATE THE EXCESSIVE FINES CLAUSE

LAW ENFORCEMENT’S ‘WARRIOR’ PROBLEM (10 Pages)(2015); by Attorney Seth W. Stoughton, Esq.
Click on the web-link below to read:
LAW ENFORCEMENT’S ‘WARRIOR’ PROBLEM

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Tags: #Police Brutality #Police Corruption #FBI Brutality #FBI Corruption #ATF Brutality #ATF Corruption #42 USC Section 1983 #42 USC § 1983 #Section 1983 #Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents #Bivens Claim #Monell v. 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